Economy and finance
In December 2025, the euro area seasonally adjusted unemployment rate was 6.2%, down from 6.3% in November 2025 as well as in December 2024. The EU unemployment rate was 5.9% in December 2025, stable compared with November 2025 and with December 2024. These figures are published by Eurostat, the ...
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In the fourth quarter of 2025, seasonally adjusted GDP increased by 0.3% in both the euro area and the EU, compared with the previous quarter, according to a preliminary flash estimate published by Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In the third quarter of 2025, GDP had incre...
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In the third quarter of 2025, household real consumption per capita increased by 0.4% in the euro area, after an increase of 0.4% in the previous quarter. In the same period, household real income per capita increased by 0.1%, after an increase of 0.5% in the second quarter of 2025.
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In the third quarter of 2025, the seasonally adjusted general government deficit to GDP ratio stood at 3.2% in the euro area (EA20) and in the EU. In the third quarter of 2025, the euro area and EU deficit to GDP ratios increased compared to the second quarter of 2025. The euro area deficit to GD...
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At the end of the third quarter of 2025, the general government gross debt to GDP ratio in the euro area (EA20) stood at 88.5%, an increase compared with 88.2% at the end of the second quarter of 2025. In the EU, the ratio also increased from 81.9% to 82.1%.
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In November 2025, compared with October 2025, seasonally adjusted production in construction decreased by 1.1% in both the euro area and the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In October 2025, production in construction grew by 1.7% in th...
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As of 4 February 2026, several methodological changes will take effect in the HICP. The index will be compiled according to the new European Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose version 2, aligned with the UN COICOP 2018 classification. Games of chance will be included in...
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The first estimates of euro area balance showed a €9.9 bn surplus in trade in goods with the rest of the world in November 2025, compared with + €15.4 bn in November 2024.
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In November 2025, compared with October 2025, seasonally adjusted industrial production increased by 0.7% in the euro area and by 0.2% in the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In October 2025, industrial production grew by 0.7% in the eu...
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In the third quarter of 2025, the EU seasonally adjusted current account of the balance of payments recorded a surplus of €57.3 billion (+1.2% of GDP), compared with a surplus of €80.5 billion (+1.7% of GDP) in the second quarter of 2025 and a surplus of €96.1 billion (+2.1% of GDP) in the third ...
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The household saving rate in the euro area decreased to 15.1% in the third quarter of 2025 (compared with 15.4% in the second quarter of 2025), which is explained by consumption increasing at a faster rate than gross disposable income (respectively +0.9% and +0.6%).
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The most common form of contingent liabilities in the EU countries is government guarantees on liabilities and, occasionally, on assets of third parties.
In 2024, the highest levels of government guarantees were recorded in the Netherlands (31.0% of GDP), Finland (17.0%) and Italy (14.6%). On th...
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In 2023, EU exports of spacecraft and space transport services amounted to €2 205 million, while EU imports of these products reached €628 million. These figures are derived from the FIGARO balanced view of international trade.
EU exports of these manufactured products and transport services to ...
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The financial accounts of the general government sector cover transactions in financial assets and liabilities as well as the stock of financial assets and liabilities.
The net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (also known as surplus/deficit), together with the gross debt of the general government...
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Today, Eurostat released the European Statistical Monitor, a dashboard with short-term indicators covering different areas, such as economy, environment, business, health and work.
This monthly updated dashboard is designed to track developments within the EU as a whole and its members, as well ...
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In the third quarter of 2025, house prices in the EU went up by 5.5%, while rents increased by 3.1%, compared with the third quarter of 2024.
Compared with the second quarter of 2025, house prices increased by 1.6% and rents by 0.9%.
This information comes from data on house prices and rents p...
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This article presents key results from the Global Value Chains survey on international sourcing. International sourcing, often referred to as outsourcing, involves the partial or full relocation of business activities by enterprises to affiliated or non-affiliated partners located abroad. The res...
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Today, Eurostat released the European Statistical Monitor, a dashboard with short-term indicators covering different areas, such as economy, environment, business, health and work.
This monthly updated dashboard is designed to track developments within the EU as a whole and its members, as well ...
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In 2024, the levels of actual individual consumption (AIC) across EU countries varied between 72% and 146% of the EU average, which is set at 100. AIC per capita is expressed in purchasing power standards (PPS) and is used as a measure of material welfare of households.
Last year, 10 countries ...
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In 2024, flows of money sent by EU resident households to non-EU resident households, referred to as personal transfers, amounted to €52.1 billion, an increase of 6% compared with 2023 (€49.2 billion). Inflows of personal transfers to EU resident households totalled €14.8 billion, up by 7% compar...
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Eurostat has launched new experimental statistics presenting multi-country National Accounting Matrices (FIGARO-NAM). This new resource links data on production and consumption with data on income and saving, helping users understand how economic flows move between institutional sectors and how t...
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In 2024, non-financial corporations (businesses whose main economic activity is non-financial) in the EU had a profit share of 40.1%, down by 1.6 percentage points from the previous year. Profit share is the proportion of the value added by a business that remunerates capital (gross operating sur...
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The labour productivity is the ratio of gross domestic product at current price (nominal) to total hours worked by employees and self-employed (domestic concept). The GDP per hour worked gives an indication of how much economic production activity can be attributed to each hour worked in the e...
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The labour productivity is the ratio of gross domestic product at current price (nominal) to total hours worked by employees and self-employed (domestic concept). The GDP per hour worked gives an indication of how much economic production activity can be attributed to each hour worked in the econ...
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Employees correspond to the ILO definition of 'paid employment'. The relationship of employer to employee exists when there is a contract, which may be formal or informal, between an enterprise and a person, entered into voluntarily by both parties, whereby the person works for the enterpr...
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Persons in employment are those who, during the reference week, did any work for pay or profit, or were not working but had a job from which they were temporarily absent. Anyone who receives a wage for on-the-job training that involves the production of goods or services is also considered as bei...
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Persons in employment are those who, during the reference week, did any work for pay or profit, or were not working but had a job from which they were temporarily absent. Anyone who receives a wage for on-the-job training that involves the production of goods or services is also considered as bei...
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The indicator is calculated as the ratio of real gross domestic product to the average population of a specific year. GDP measures the value of total final output of goods and services produced by an economy within a certain period of time.
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The nominal unit labour cost (NULC) index is defined as the ratio of labour cost to labour productivity, where labour cost is the ratio of compensation of employees (current prices) to hours worked by employees, and labour productivity is the ratio of gross domestic product (at market prices i...
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The nominal unit labour cost (NULC) index is defined as the ratio of labour cost to labour productivity, where labour cost is the ratio of compensation of employees (current prices) to hours worked by employees, and labour productivity is the ratio of gross domestic product (at market prices in m...
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The nominal unit labour cost (NULC) index is defined as the ratio of labour cost to labour productivity, where labour cost is the ratio of compensation of employees (current prices) to hours worked by employees, and labour productivity is the ratio of gross domestic product (at market prices in m...
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The annual building permits data are business cycle indicators providing information on the development of granted building permits in one year. Builders apply for building permits and local building administrations issue them normally before the beginning of the construction work. Therefore b...
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The unit labour cost (ULC) is defined as the ratio of labour costs to labour productivity. Nominal ULC (NULC) = (D1/EEM) / (B1GM/ETO) with D1 = Compensation of employees, all industries, current prices EEM = Employees, all industries, in persons (domestic concept) B1GM = Gross domestic product at...
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