Economy and finance
In September 2025, compared with August 2025, seasonally adjusted production in construction decreased by 0.5% in the euro area and remained stable in the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In August 2025, production in construction fell ...
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The euro area annual inflation rate was 2.1% in October 2025, down from 2.2% in September. A year earlier, the rate was 2.0%. European Union annual inflation was 2.5% in October 2025, down from 2.6% in September. A year earlier, the rate was 2.3%. These figures are published by Eurostat, the stat...
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The first estimates of euro area balance showed a €19.4 bn surplus in trade in goods with the rest of the world in September 2025, compared with + €12.9 bn in September 2024.
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In the third quarter of 2025, seasonally adjusted GDP increased by 0.2% in the euro area and by 0.3% in the EU, compared with the previous quarter, according to a flash estimate published by Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In the second quarter of 2025, GDP had increased b...
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In September 2025, compared with August 2025, seasonally adjusted industrial production increased by 0.2% in the euro area and by 0.8% in the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In August 2025, industrial production fell by 1.1% in the eur...
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In August 2025, compared with July 2025, seasonally adjusted services production increased by 0.1% in the euro area and decreased by 0.2% in the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In July 2025, services production grew by 0.3% in both the...
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In September 2025, compared with August 2025, the seasonally adjusted retail trade volume decreased by 0.1% in the euro area and remained stable in the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In August 2025, retail trade volume fell by 0.1% in...
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In September 2025, compared with August 2025, industrial producer prices decreased by 0.1% in both the euro area and the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In August 2025, industrial producer prices fell by 0.4% in both the euro area and ...
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Euro area annual inflation is expected to be 2.1% in October 2025, down from 2.2% in September according to a flash estimate from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union.
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In September 2025, the euro area seasonally adjusted unemployment rate was 6.3%, stable compared with August 2025 as well as with September 2024. The EU unemployment rate was 6.0% in September 2025, also stable compared with August 2025 and up from 5.9% in September 2024. These figures are publis...
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In the third quarter of 2025, seasonally adjusted GDP increased by 0.2% in the euro area and by 0.3% in the EU, compared with the previous quarter, according to a preliminary flash estimate published by Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In the second quarter of 2025, GDP had...
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Between 2004 and 2024, household real income per capita in the EU grew by 22%.
Income per capita grew steadily between 2004 and 2008, stagnated between 2008 and 2011 due to the global financial crisis and declined in 2012 and 2013. Since then, income resumed the steady growth until the year 2020...
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In 2024, household final consumption expenditure in the EU, corrected for inflation, grew by 1.5% compared with 2023. This increase was stronger than in 2023, when growth stood at 0.4%.
Among the main categories, household spending on information and communication increased the most (+5.7%), fol...
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In 2024, the average annual full-time adjusted salary for employees in the EU was €39 800, reflecting a 5.2% increase from €37 800 in 2023.
Among the EU countries, the highest average annual full-time adjusted salary was recorded in Luxembourg (€83 000), followed by Denmark (€71 600) and Ireland...
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Net foreign direct investment (FDI) stocks held in non-EU countries by investors resident in the EU amounted to €9 309 billion in 2024, reflecting a 1.5% increase from 2023 (€9 168 billion).
A different trend was seen in investment stocks held by non-EU residents in the EU, which decreased to €...
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The overall tax-to-GDP ratio, meaning the sum of taxes and net social contributions as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), stood at 40.4% in the EU in 2024, an increase from 39.9% in 2023. In the euro area, the tax-to-GDP ratio also increased from 40.5% in 2023 to 40.9% in 2024.
In abs...
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In 2023, domestic production accounted for €33 715 billion (91.5% of the total supply of goods and services in the EU), while imports contributed €3 147 billion (8.5%). This was an increase in domestic production of €1 259 billion (from €32 455 billion, 90.3% of total supply) compared with 2022, ...
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The general government financial accounts cover transactions in financial assets and liabilities as well as the stock of financial assets and liabilities. The difference between the stock of financial assets and the stock of liabilities is called net financial worth.
At the end of the second qua...
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In connection with the news releases for the Excessive deficit procedure (EDP) and the Government finance statistics (GFS) published today, a series of related documents have been updated:
Note on the stock of liabilities in trade credits and advances;
Stock-flow adjustment note explaining th...
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In the second quarter of 2025, house prices in the EU rose by 5.4% while rents increased by 3.2%, compared with the same quarter of 2024.
Relative to the first quarter of 2025, house prices increased by 1.6% and rents by 0.7%.
This information comes from data on house prices and rents publishe...
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In August 2025, the price of package holidays in the EU increased by 2.5% compared with August 2024. The price of domestic holidays recorded a higher increase (+6.8%) than the international holiday packages (+1.6%).
The prices of package holidays have increased at a more moderate pace since May ...
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In 2024, the EU countries combined had 390 600 professional firefighters, representing 0.19% of the total EU employment. Compared with 2023, the number of firefighters increased by 28 200.
Among the 20 EU countries with available data, Croatia registered the highest share of firefighters in tota...
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The labour productivity is the ratio of gross domestic product at current price (nominal) to total hours worked by employees and self-employed (domestic concept). The GDP per hour worked gives an indication of how much economic production activity can be attributed to each hour worked in the e...
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Persons in employment are those who, during the reference week, did any work for pay or profit, or were not working but had a job from which they were temporarily absent. Anyone who receives a wage for on-the-job training that involves the production of goods or services is also considered as bei...
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Gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices is the final result of the production activity of resident producer units. It is defined as the value of all goods and services produced less the value of any goods or services used in their creation. The ESA 2010 (European System of Accounts) regu...
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The nominal unit labour cost (NULC) index is defined as the ratio of labour cost to labour productivity, where labour cost is the ratio of compensation of employees (current prices) to hours worked by employees, and labour productivity is the ratio of gross domestic product (at market prices i...
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Compensation of employees (at current prices) is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the accounting period. Compensation of employees consists of wages and salaries, and of employers' social cont...
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Private consumption expenditure consists of expenditure incurred for the direct satisfaction of individual or collective needs by private households or non-profit institutions serving households (such as religious societies, sports and other clubs, political parties, etc.). The data are presented...
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Gross Value Added (GVA) (ESA 2010, 9.31) is defined as output value at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers' prices. GVA is calculated before consumption of fixed capital. GVA is available in a breakdown by 10 main economic activities according to NACE Rev. 2 (Statistic...
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Gross Value Added (GVA) (ESA 2010, 9.31) is defined as output value at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers' prices. GVA is calculated before consumption of fixed capital. GVA is available in a breakdown by 10 main economic activities according to NACE Rev. 2 (Statistic...
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Gross Value Added (GVA) (ESA 2010, 9.31) is defined as output value at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers' prices. GVA is calculated before consumption of fixed capital. GVA is available in a breakdown by 10 main economic activities according to NACE Rev. 2 (Statistic...
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Gross Value Added (GVA) (ESA 2010, 9.31) is defined as output value at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers' prices. GVA is calculated before consumption of fixed capital. GVA is available in a breakdown by 10 main economic activities according to NACE Rev. 2 (Statistic...
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Gross Value Added (GVA) (ESA 2010, 9.31) is defined as output value at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers' prices. GVA is calculated before consumption of fixed capital. GVA is available in a breakdown by 10 main economic activities according to NACE Rev. 2 (Statistic...
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